What is difference between method overloading and method overriding ?

Method overloading deals with the notion of having two or more methods in the same class or from parent class with the same name but different arguments.

void foo(int a)
void foo(int a, float b)

Method overriding means having two methods with the same arguments, but different implementations. One of them would exist in the parent class, while another will be in the derived, or child class. The @Override annotation, while not required, can be helpful to enforce proper overriding of a method at compile time.

class Parent {
    void foo(double d) {
        // do something
    }
}

class Child extends Parent {

    @Override
    void foo(double d){
        // this method is overridden.  
    }
}

Property	Overloading	Overriding
Method names	Must be same.	Must be same.
Argument type	Must be different(at least order)	Must be same including order.
Method signature	Must be different.	Must be same.
Return types	No restrictions.	Must be same until 1.4v but from 1.5v onwards we can take co-variant return types also.
private, static, final methods	Can be overloaded.	Can not be overridden.
Access modifiers	No restrictions.	Weakening/reducing is not allowed.
Throws Clause	No restrictions.	If child class method throws any checked exception compulsory parent class method should throw the same checked exceptions or its parent but no restrictions for un-checked exceptions.
Method Resolution	Is always takes care by compiler based on referenced type.	Is always takes care by JVM based on runtime object.
Also known as	Compile time polymorphism (or) static(or)early binding.	Runtime polymorphism (or) dynamic (or) late binding.